Thursday 10 July 2014


A VC’S CONDUCT AND A LAWYER’S VERDICT

Mr.Isaac Mohanlal 











                                                                    VC Dr. Kalyani Mathivanan

                                                                                Being Received (Indian Express)



THE NEW INDIAN EXPRESS/08.07.2014


MADURAI: It was a kind of reception no Vice Chancellor of a State University has received in recent public memory nor is anyone likely to get such an ‘honour’ in the near future.
Three days after the Supreme Court stayed an order of the Madras High Court bench here ousting Kalyani Mathivanan as Vice Chancellor of the Madurai Kamaraj University (MKU), she arrived in grand style from New Delhi to get back to work on Monday.
Earlier, on June 27 she became the first Vice Chancellor in Tamil Nadu to be removed by the High Court on the grounds that she did not satisfy the eligibility criteria prescribed by the University Grants Commission to hold the post.
On Monday, as she landed at the Madurai airport armed with the Supreme Court order, accompanied by her daughter, a section of the university staff including teachers and non-teaching staff and supporters welcomed her with bouquets and shawls.
The reception accorded to her befitted that of a VIP politician as she drove down to the university with her supporters following her en route in over two dozen vehicles.
A video cameraman who was on a car ahead of the convoy did his best to capture the ‘glorious’ moments. When the convoy reached the entrance of the university, a section of jubilant staff members who have been supporting her, set off fire crackers and raised slogans hailing her.
Kalyani stepped out of her SUV to greet them and accepted a garland offered by a priest and cut a huge cake to celebrate her interim legal victory.
School children who were lined up on either sides of the road inside the campus showered flower petals as she steadily walked into the campus. Inside the university premises, numerous banners were placed on the pavements hailing the Vice Chancellor including one showing her in an NCC outfit.
A visibly pleased Kalyani, who appeared overwhelmed by the unprecedented reception, garlanded a portrait of her father D K Kuthalingam, who had served as Vice Chancellor in the same university. Teachers and other staff greeted her with shawls.
Her supporters had also put up posters in many parts of the city hailing the apex court’s stay order.



The Hindu/09.07.2014

MKU counsel withdraws himself from representing it in court
SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT

President of Madurai Bench of Madras High Court Bar Association (MMBA) Isaac Mohanlal on Tuesday withdrew himself from representing Madurai Kamaraj University (MKU) in court cases as a mark of protest against the reception accorded to Kalyani Mathivanan when she returned to the Vice-Chancellor’s office on Monday.
In a letter addressed to her, he said: “I was rather upset to see the morning newspapers carrying disgusting scenes on the university campus yesterday at the event of the so-called re-entry of the Vice-Chancellor.
“The University with Potential for Excellence has been deplorably reduced into a political podium where the Vice-Chancellor entered with a convoy of cars following her from the airport to see the hoards of hoardings erected on either side and posters pasted all over the walls and deafening crackers breaking the silence and serenity of the campus, and agonisingly, a band of school children arrayed along the road under the scorching sun, during their class hours, with their tender hands showering flower petals knowing not what they were doing. “Amidst this show, it is reported, the Vice-Chancellor walked her way up to the office, after cutting the coloured cake, of course, armed with the interim order of the Hon’ble Supreme Court staying for a limited period the order of the Hon’ble High Court removing her from office. This, in my view, is nothing but a mean manifestation of the arrogance of power and the insolence of office.
“At this juncture, I am afraid that I would be offending my conscience if I still continued as the counsel for the university. You would pardon me for I wish to withdraw myself from all cases on the side of the university. I request you to make alternative arrangements at the earliest.”
“I would be offending my conscience if I still continued as counsel for the university”


A VC’S CONDUCT AND A LAWER’S VERDICT

 By CHINNARAJ JOSEPH   



First it was the Division Bench verdict on Dr. Kalyani Mathivanan unseating her as the Vice Chancellor of Madurai Kamaraj University. I called it as a relief and reassurance for those who fight in the name of academic freedom, accountability and excellence. I consciously made this public statement not only because of the serious legal impairment caused by the Search Committee and the Chancellor in making the appointment of the Vice Chancellor, but also because of the ethically questionable conduct of Dr. Mathivanan before and after she assumed office.

Then there came the anticlimax, as the Supreme Court of India stayed the Division Bench order after it allowed her Special Leave Petition (SLP). But anyone could easily realize that admitting of SLP is purely a discretionary action of the SC under Art.136 as long as the case provides a special circumstance and involves substantial question of law and the Constitution. In common parlance, the SC has just opened its front door to let in Mathivanan so that she can present her appeal in about four weeks.

But these are matters too subtle and intellectually too sophisticated for poor Mathivanan to understand. She thought that it is a simple stunt she banged-up in the Supreme Court. For the members of her croneydom in the university, it looked like a Himalayan victory over her enemies. (Here irony plays. Who are her enemies? First, it is her conscience. Second are those petitioners of PIL who wanted to hold the mirror of law and invoke judicial conscience in a democracy. Third are the judges who play the role of umpires who call foul or allow a point or temporarily halt the game before it resumes).

Anyway, in Madurai, celebration of anything from ‘a young girl attaining puberty’ to ‘an old soul attaining vaikundam’ is a matter of noisy and ocular celebration. Thousands easily congregate. When venerable VC amma arrived at the airport with her daughter there was a sizable crowd to receive her, garland her, lead her in a cavalcade of cars (carrying some Principals and professors too) and then burst crackers as soon as she entered the University Campus and further shower flowers and slogans. The buffoonery entered a melodramatic turn as the victoria walked the red carpet to the office as the waiting school children waved their hands with flowers. This was the final minute of solemnity before ‘university’s potential for excellence’ exploded like a cosmic pod throwing splendorous colours. This has become news.

This is the point where the third verdict, namely the verdict of her counsel Mr. Isaac Mohanlal came to be pronounced as he not only did withdraw himself from all the cases relating to the university in protest but also did make a very incisive and meaningful public statement condemning her uncouth and arrogant muscle flexing. When I read that in the morning newspaper, I was delighted because such a turn of event very rarely happens in our cynical milieu. I want to congratulate Mr. Isaac Mohanlal for two reasons: first, as a seasoned lawyer and leader in the High Court Bar, he has stood up to uphold the sanctity and the civility demanded by the Supreme Court order that permitted the VC to resume office temporarily; secondly, Mr. Mohanlal by making a categorical public statement condemning the behavior of the VC, has risen much above the role of an ordinary lawyer thereby becoming a public intellectual. The latter is certainly a bigger honour. This deserves a lengthy discussion in the public interest.

The first question people who have known Mohanlal as a lawyer of eminence and public figure raise is “Should he in the first place have argued Mathvanan’s case at all?”
The question itself is misplaced and stems from the anger people hold against Mathivanan for the kind appointment she secured. She has also angered a great many by her style of managing the university and by her public conduct as a VC.

One ought to know that a lawyer need not normally look into the moral or political conduct of his or her client but mainly into the legal right he or she can secure for the client through the court. That is what his professional code would advocate. This does not mean however that the advocate needs to be morally insensitive or politically naïve.

In an adversarial system of dispensing justice the knowledge, wit, ability and the ‘influence’ (or ‘presence’) of an advocate arguing the case are important. What we as lay public would call something illegal in a cavalier fashion can become legal in a court of law with the help of a good lawyer and in the same way, what we presume legal can be rendered irrelevant if not illegal. This is why we make our choice of a ‘good’ lawyer. Also this is why we as clients often lament that what comes through the law courts are ‘judicial orders’ and ‘not always justice’.

 Lawyers and clients often provide the worst irony of social situations. Clients culpable of crime, illegality and immorality can always go to a good lawyer and avail his or her professional services and manage to even escape law. This injures the moral conscience of the common man and they accuse lawyers as siding with bad elements of the society. We will return to this irony later.

Though Mathivanan’s position as VC was morally, politically and even legally vitiated and such knowledge was within the public domain, Mathivanan in choosing Mohanlal only exercised her right and of course wisdom. Mohanlal accepted just another brief.

 In the public domain, Mathivanan’s case is perceived to be a bad case. Mathivanan for heaven’s sake knew the difference between what it means to hold the position of a Professor and that of an Associate Professor in a college. It is a common knowledge that before every UGC salary revision, every teacher in a college signs an undertaking as to what position she or he is entitled to hold and what designation she is permitted to use. For Mathivanan to have used the designation ‘Professor’ that too before a selection committee prima facie is seen as an illegality of first order. How this was overcome by the biased selection committee has in fact become the central plot of the case. Any further observation would be sub judice.

Dr. Mathivanan being a political breed, after assuming office showed her real colour. There were allegations of corruption in appointments, regular witch hunting of those who questioned her, victimization of research scholars for demanding better facilities, promotion of sycophancy bordering insanity, cronyism supported by thuggery and finally unleashing of violence.

 People of mediocre ability first desacralize and ‘deliberately violate the system’ in order to make it look ordinary so that they can comfortably manage it as their mediocre intelligence and attendant skills permit. Merit becomes the victim and the meritorious exit. Dr. Mathivanan is an artist par excellent in this trade of undoing. In two years, MKU, a university with potential for excellence has emptied itself into dead sand of politics.

Her public demonstration in response to Supreme Court stay is another facet of ‘undoing’ of a noble institution. ‘Desacralizing’ and ‘undoing’ are the strategies of the mediocre to manage the unmanageable.

Now let me address the lawyer’s dilemma. Any good lawyer will be constantly aware of the conflict between his professional demands and the larger public good his actions come to affect with negative tradeoffs. Only a very few rise beyond the narrow professional interest and address the public cause at a personal cost. They are the ones who qualify to be Emersonian public intellectuals who say profession is for mere living, and public cause is for realizing the total being. They are the ones who unshackle the discursive barriers of the profession to speak in a common man’s voice, act in public interest and constantly strive to answer a deeper personal quest.



Well done Mr. Isaac Mohanlal!


                                                                               14.O7.2014

Wednesday 2 July 2014



THE CASE AND THE CAKE

Today is an important day. By 10.30 AM I was promptly present in 12th Court of the Madurai Bench of Madras High Court where the judgement on American College case was to be pronounced. After the mentioning time, the Hon’ble Judge took just less than three minutes to pronounce the operational portion of the order. Very little could be understood by any one at that point. Later, the advocate read the entire text in the Registry.

 Till this moment I write this (6.10 PM), the Registry has not released any copy to anybody. Before this, already there are many rumors about the judgement. Even some of the press men looked misinformed. Nothing could be done without a copy. However, some damage control was done.
Anyway, my friend tells me that I must tell everybody what I got to know from the court and the advocate who read the report, about the main points of the judgement and then cut a BIG CAKE in the Town Hall or in some Banquet Hall in a hotel. I asked “Why cake?” He says that every good or favourable judgement should be announced only with CAKE EATING. My tongue is already wet with the mentioning of the cake. I will tell you now briefly the operational portion:

1.      Mr. Davamani’s petition asking for ‘the notice to be issued’ before the withdrawal of the degree was allowed by the judge as this has affected his civil right of being heard. Earlier Alagappa University had contended that when there was an apparent error on record there was no need to issue any notice before withdrawing the degree. Now Alagappa University will issue notice and decide. No one should think that the court has allowed “an interdisciplinary degree to Mr. Davamani.” The court has given just four weeks time to AU to complete this process.

2.       Madurai Kamaraj University after receiving the verdict from AU, should now ask in writing (not over phone) to UGC whether the said PhD degree (Education!) is relevant to American College. This, UGC ought to do, forwarding a written explanation.

3.       Mr. Davamani’s continuation in office is subject to these processes and final approval once again by MKU.(That is four weeks plus).

4.        Dr. Amirtharajan’s Writ Petition is treated closed meaning that he was given the liberty to once again raise all those issues including the issue of fictitious API Score (427) before the court, at any point and in the event of miscarriage of justice. (No one should think that “closing of a writ petition is “dismissal of a writ petition.” The judge closes the petition after proposing a remedy still ensuring the right of the petitioner to agitate his plea if at all it becomes necessary later). This means Dr. Amir will be still alive and kicking carefully watching what AU and MKU would do in terms of the court directions.

Now, I think you will understand why my friend proposed CAKE CUTTING. But, now I tell him that I will buy only half a kilogram of Thirunelveli Halwa and distribute. I will tell a detailed story tomorrow when I get the certified copy of the judgement.



Tuesday 1 July 2014



MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
Add caption




THE PRONOUNCEMENT OF HONORABLE JUSTICE RAMASUBRAMANIAN IN THE VC’S CASE AND THE WAKE UP CALL: I


        Though belated the Divisional Bench Order pronounced by Honourable Mr.Justice V. Ramasubramanian in Madurai Kamaraj University Vice-Chancellor’s case is a great relief and reassurance for those who fight in the name of academic freedom, accountability and excellence. The judgement has set aside the appointment of Dr. Kalyani Mathivanan as Vice-Chancellor for want of minimum eligibility as prescribed by UGC Regulation 2010. The 59 page judgement is a very straight forward and interesting piece of reading. No one interested in upholding the integrity of higher education, can afford to miss.
            Apart from the legal implications involved in the interpretations of laws, rules and regulations, the judgement also holds the mirror to the hollowness and total lack of commitment of the executive (the Governor, the Selection Committee, the Education Minister and of course the Chief Minister) in upholding the integrity of the state universities.
The salient points of the Judgement are as follows:
1.         The general but overarching principle in the first place the judgement establishes is that the UGC Regulation 2000 is mandatory and not recommendatory as the respondents (MKU and the VC) tried to establish. This means that when it comes to the appointment of Vice-Chancellor (for that matter Professors, Principals, Associate Professors) one ought to follow the regulations, especially in specifying educational qualifications and applying minimum eligibility conditions.
            [The court ruled that Dr. Kalyani Mathivanan did not meet the minimum eligibility conditions as per UGC Regulation 2010 as she did not possess the minimum 10 years experience as Professor.  Her claim that her position as ‘Associate Professor and Head of the Department’ in an affiliated College (Ethiraj College, Chennai), the court said cannot be equated with ‘Professorship’ in the system as provided by UGC Regulation 2010. Therefore her appointment was set aside]
2.   In arriving at the above conclusion the Hon’ble Judge resolved several issues that have been obfuscating educational administration for quite some time. First, is the issue of the conflict between the University Acts or acts passed by the State Governments and Regulations promulgated by the UGC Act.  Here, in this case, Madurai Kamaraj University Act 1965 was brought into question to defend the appointment of the VC saying that the said act did not specifically prescribe any educational qualification or minimum eligibility condition for the appointment of the VC. Therefore the selection committee had the freedom to choose anyone as VC as its wisdom permitted.
            (i) In fact the Madurai Kamaraj University Act 1965 spoke in detail about the office of the Vice Chancellor, procedure for appointment of the Vice Chancellor, powers vested with the Vice Chancellor, salary and emoluments for the Vice Chancellor etc. However, neither the act nor the statute passed by MKU from time to time, did not at any point speak about the ‘minimum eligibility in terms of qualification’ for the appointment of the Vice Chancellor. The court said that in this regard ‘there is a vast territory left unoccupied’ by the 1965 Act. This vacuum cannot be an excuse for the VC Selection Committee to exercise its powers arbitrarily. And such exercise of power the court held would defeat the very purpose of upholding merit and integrity of the higher educational system as has happened in the appointment of Dr. Kalyani Mathivanan. In the event of a vacuum, the only option available is to follow the UGC Regulations 2010, and it is mandatory.
     [The committee, although it discovered that Dr. Mathivanan did have experience only as Associate Professor, instead of disqualifying her at the face of it from the selection, ironically took a conscious decision “to overrule the requirement of paragraph 7.3.0 of the Annexure to the UGC Regulations (2010) and fall back on the State enactment”.  This was found untenable by the Division Bench which came down heavily saying that there cannot be test of excellence arbitrarily exercised].
      (ii)The present case according to the ruling is not a case of             repugnancy between the state act and the central act. This means that the State act (Madurai Kamaraj University Act 1965) and the UGC Regulation 2010 (backed by the central act namely UGC Act 1956) do not find any ground to come into conflict in the first place as it comes to minimum eligibility conditions for the appointment of the VC, as the MKU Act has fallen silent on the issue. To quote the Hon’ble Judge “Repugnancy in terms of Article 254 of the Constitution would arise only when there is inconsistency between the laws made by the Parliament and the laws made by the Legislatures of the States.  If it seeks to fill up a vacuum or when it covers an unoccupied field, the question of repugnancy does not arise”. Here the vacuum created by MKU Act/rules can only be filled up by UGC Regulation 2010 (central legislation). On this count also it becomes mandatory.
           (v)  The Hon’ble judge also took the stand that even if there is a real conflict as to the prescription of qualifications between the State and the Centre, “the court is bound to uphold a prescription which sets higher standards and which seeks to promote excellence in higher education”.  The bench in saying this has relied on the position already established by the Supreme Court of India.
      [The action of the Governor (Chancellor) in appointing Dr.Mathivanan has in fact lowered the eligibility condition which is untenable].

3.   The Bench also placed another reason why there could not be arbitrary exercise of power as to the selection of VCs. The Bench has held that over a period of more than 70 years in India, enactment of laws have come to regulate academic standards, eligibility and merit through objective criteria and not through subjective judgement of eminence as it did happen in the past. Then of course ‘tall men’ were appointed. No more it is possible. It needs to be noted here that Academic Performance Indicator (API) score and Performance Based Assessment System (PBAS) gains tremendous legal significance.
      This is where the Honourable Judge observed, “If University Grants Commission Regulation, 2010 will have to be given effect to … the Vice Chancellor should actually be a distinguished academician.  Today, Albert Einsterin cannot be appointed as Vice Chancellor of any university (at least in India) unless he fulfills the qualifications prescribed by University Grants Commission, the reason being that after legislative enactment lays down the objective criteria, there is no place for subjective satisfaction”.
4.   On the issue of invoking the Division Bench Judgement of Bombay High Court by the defendant is concerned, the Hon’ble Judge ruled that there was no substantial issue of conflict between Maharashtra University Act 1994 and the prescription of UGC Regulations 2010 as to the educational qualifications or minimum eligibility conditions for appointment.  The matter was related to procedure for short-listing of candidates.  The Hon’ble Judge ruled “…. And the method of short-listing of candidates are all procedural in nature and it may not really matter whether the state enactment prevails over the Central enactment or vice versa, the same logic may not hold good in so far as the educational qualifications and eligibility criteria are concerned.  The University Grants Commission is actually an expert body to determine the qualifications for the appointment not only of teaching staff but also all other officers and authorities”. He turned down the Bombay High Court order as not being relevant to the present case.
6.   The merit of the judgement also lies in the Hon’ble judge’s ruling that the ‘Vice-Chancellor is the academic head’ of the University.  Madurai Kamaraj Unviersity and the Vice Chancellor took the defense that the Vice Chancellor being an Administrative Head that he/she cannot be considered as a member of teaching staff and therefore the rigors of ‘academic qualification’ need not apply.  But, the Hon’ble Judge after making an elaborate analysis of Madurai Kamaraj University Act 1965 came to the categorical conclusion that though it is not explicitly stated there in the act, proper understanding of Section 4 of Madurai Kamaraj University Act would hold the Vice-Chancellor to be an academic head.  “It is in the light of the objects and powers of the University prescribed under Section 4 that the presumption in Section 12 (1) that the Vice Chancellor shall be the Academic Head of the University, has to be understood”.  In this regard also the Bench turned down the ruling of the Bombay High Court in Suresh Patilkhade case where it was held that the VC was an ‘academic head’ but does not belong to the stream of ‘academic staff.’
      The court has refused to recognize the hair splitting difference between ‘being academic head’ and ‘being part of academic staff’.  Both mean the same.  This underlines the inevitability of the Vice Chancellor meeting the minimum eligibility conditions and educational qualifications as demanded by UGC Regulations 2010, which is mandatory.  

7.  The Hon’ble Judge also exposed the dubiousness of claims by Madurai Kamaraj University as well the Vice Chancellor. The excuse that Madurai Kamaraj University Act did not prescribe any qualification for the Vice Chancellor gave the committee the freedom to lower the qualification and chose Dr. Kalyani Mathivanan. The Hon’ble judge raised the question, while Madurai Kamaraj University refused to follow UGC Regulation 2010 in matters of educational qualifications and minimum eligibility conditions, it allowed the salary and allowances to the Vice Chancellor as per UGC Regulations 2010. It implies that  as they followed Madurai Kamaraj Unviersity Act in the appointment, they should have allowed only Rs. 3000/- as monthly salary, Rs. 1000/- as monthly allowance and Rs. 250/- as car allowance and of course free accommodations as provided in the MKU Act..  Eligibility and service conditions cannot be separated and one cannot pick and choose as one’s convenience permits.
       The judgement has far reaching consequences and many heads are bound to roll. Let us wait and watch!



CHINNARAJ JOSEPH                                  01-07-2014